Pancreatitis is a pathology in which inflammatory and degenerative changes develop in the pancreas.When exposed to certain etiological factors, the process of synthesis of proteolytic enzymes is activated, which leads to damage to pancreatic cells.This article indicates the main clinical manifestations of this pathology, as well as the features of dietary nutrition as an important component of complex therapy.
Pancreatitis Clinic
Pancreatitis is characterized by acute and intense pain which, if not treated in a timely manner, can cause the development of painful shock.Painful sensations are localized in the pit of the stomach or have an enveloping character.The inflammatory process in the pancreas causes hyperthermia.In addition, changes in blood pressure (hypo or hypertension) and a worsening of the patient's general condition are observed.It becomes pale and later the skin acquires an earthy-gray hue.In cholecystitis and pancreatitis, jaundice may be seen due to compression of the bile duct by an enlarged gland.
Patients also report dry mouth.They experience hiccups and burps, and nausea starts to bother them.In the acute period, constant vomiting is observed.The loss of electrolytes causes sticky sweat, shortness of breath, and a yellow coating on the tongue.The feces become frothy, with food particles and an unpleasant odor.Sometimes, on the contrary, constipation and flatulence are recorded.Symptoms of pancreatitis also include the appearance of bluish spots around the navel.As the pathological process develops, the patient's condition worsens and he must be taken immediately to the hospital.
Pancreatitis treatment
If the disease worsens, the patient is hospitalized.The treatment regimen includes antispasmodics, drugs that eliminate vomiting, diuretics (prevent swelling of the pancreas and help quickly remove excess enzymes from the body), analgesics, enzyme inhibitors and antibiotics are prescribed for purulent pancreatitis.In the future, vitamin therapy will be carried out to strengthen the body.
In case of acute inflammation and severe vomiting, patients are prescribed fasting.It is allowed to take only mineral water or rosehip decoction.In the future, low-calorie foods will be gradually introduced into the diet, excluding foods that can stimulate the production of gastric juice and gas formation.
Therapeutic diet
It is developed according to the patient's condition.The diet when acute inflammation subsides includes the following:
- provide the body with physiological levels of proteins, lipids, carbohydrate compounds;
- increasing the amount of vitamins;
- reduce the amount or completely eliminate substances that can irritate the intestinal mucosa;
- complete refusal of smoked, spicy, salty foods, alcohol, seasonings and canned food;
- the diet for pancreatitis involves chopping or grinding food, the temperature of which should not exceed 60 - 65 ° C, that is, mechanical and thermal irritation of the digestive organs should be eliminated as much as possible;
- meals should be frequent, but always in small portions;in case of severe pain, therapeutic fasting is allowed for 1 to 2 days;
- for pancreatitis and gastritis, refusing food can reduce irritation of the mucous membrane.
Authorized Products
If the pancreas is damaged, patients' diet may include:
- from dairy products - kefir, non-acidic cottage cheese and yogurt;
- lean meats (chicken, rabbit, veal) in the form of soufflé or puree;
- pike perch, pike perch, cod (low-fat varieties);
- grated vegetables, which must first be boiled or baked;
- crackers or slightly dry bread;
- vegetarian soups;
- steamed omelets;
- for patients with pancreatitis, it is allowed to consume olive oil and butter from fats;
- Recommended cereals are oatmeal, buckwheat and semolina;
- as fruit, you can eat unsweetened baked apples;
- The best drink to drink is rosehip infusion.
When the inflammation is eliminated and the clinical manifestations of the disease disappear, the diet is slightly expanded.
Sample menu
In chronic pancreatitis, the menu may look like this:
Option 1
- 200 g of mashed potatoes with meatballs (100 g), 200 grams of grated rice porridge, tea;
- 100g of cheese;
- vegetable puree soup with crouton, steamed meat soufflé, 200 g of buckwheat porridge;
- protein omelet worth 110 g, steamed, jam;
- 250 g of fish and tea rolls;
- curdled milk (about 200 ml).
Option 2
- boiled fish, mashed potatoes and tea, to which you can add milk;
- 100g of cheese;
- rolled oat soup (approximately 250 g), as well as meat soufflé (100 g), steamed with mashed potatoes;
- egg white omelet;
- curd soufflé;
- a glass of curdled milk.
Option 3
- oat and meat soufflé, tea;
- cheese;
- oatmeal soup and beef cutlets (110 g) with mashed potatoes, baked apple;
- egg white omelet;
- meatballs (110 g), carrot puree;
- curdled milk.
Diet meals should contain animal proteins, as they are easily digestible, and fats and carbohydrates should be kept to a minimum to protect the pancreas and restore normal digestion of food.
When pancreatitis becomes chronic, diet can be considered the basis for effective treatment.It is important to eat enough protein foods.It is advisable not to braise or bake meat dishes, but to boil or steam them.Low-fat fish dishes are also prepared in the same way.
Milk can sometimes be poorly tolerated, so it is recommended to add it only to cooked cereals and drink it in its pure form in an amount of no more than half a glass per day.Also, the diet should not include meat and fish broths, garlic and onions, cabbage and radishes.Products made with rye flour are also prohibited.
What should be the calorie content of dishes?
Every day, patients should receive approximately 350 g of carbohydrates, of which 40 g should be easily digestible sugar.The total energy value of food consumed during the day should average 2,600 kilocalories.To correctly calculate the calorie content, there is a special table that indicates the name of the product, its protein, carbohydrate and fat content, as well as the number of kilocalories.It is with its help that the daily diet of patients is compiled not only with pancreatitis, but also with other diseases that require adequate dietary nutrition.
Traditional treatment methods
Among traditional medicines, the most effective are considered:
- Potato juice.You should drink half a glass two hours before meals, wait 5 minutes and wash it down with a glass of kefir.The treatment should last 14 days, after which it is necessary to take a 10-day break and repeat the use of the product.
- It is recommended to drink 100 ml of Brussels sprout juice three times a day for 30 days.
- An infusion of dill and cumin is useful.
- It is useful to drink a mumiyo solution every night for 10 days in a row, one hour after eating (calculated at 2 g per 3 liters of water).
- For 6 months, in the case of chronic pancreatitis, it is recommended to take 20 drops of propolis tincture (10%) at night, after dissolving them in 100 ml of warmed milk.
To prevent the progression of pancreatitis, folk remedies based on medicinal herbs are used.Mainly used are marigold flowers, marshmallow root, blueberry leaves, bean pods, calamus root, wormwood herb and mint leaves.
The following remedy will help speed up your recovery.It is necessary to pass a kilogram of lemon, parsley root and garlic (300 g each) through a meat grinder, mix everything and leave the resulting mass for two weeks, then start taking a teaspoon.In chronic pancreatitis, it is also recommended to grind chicory root, pour boiling water over it, boil, cool, strain and drink in small sips.
In addition to the above remedies, patients are recommended to do special exercises, which have a positive effect on the pancreas.You need to inhale and exhale, hold your breath and gently draw in your stomach, and then relax your abdominal wall muscles.After that, you should inhale and exhale again, hold your breath and strongly inflate your stomach, and then relax.The exercises should be performed in a lying position three times a day, doing 3 to 9 repetitions.These breathing exercises improve blood circulation and promote the outflow of digestive juices, helping to prevent the development of pancreatitis or its exacerbations.
It is worth remembering that in acute pancreatitis, traditional methods should not be used, as the patient must receive immediate medical attention.Otherwise, the disease can be fatal.